Preventive effect of Actinidia valvata Dunn extract on MNNG-induced Gastrointestinal Cancer in Rats

Gastric cancer remains a major global problem. In 2008, 989,600 new stomach cancer cases and 738,000 deaths occurred, accounting for 8% of the total cases and 10% of total deaths, respectively (Jemal et al., 2011). Notwithstanding the global declining incidence of gastric cancer, mortality is continuously rising in Asian countries (Hu et al., 2004). Surgery is considered as the gold standard for localized gastric cancer, but most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The five-year survival rate of patients with advanced gastric cancer for surgical treatment is less than 40% (Rasul et al., 2012). Recent primary prevention strategies for gastric cancer focus on behavior modification, including the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, reduction of salt intake, increase in food containing protective factors (fruit,vegetables, soybean products, non-fermented soy-foods,whole-grain) and vitamin C consumption, abolition of smoking, and chemoprevention (Tsugane et al., 2004; Tsugane et al.,